The marine green macroalgal genus Ulva (Chlorophyta) requires the presence of a combination of regulatory morphogenetic compounds released by their associated epiphytic bacteria in addition to nutritional parameters.The activity of algal growth- and morphogenesis-promoting factors (AGMPFs) derived from bacteria was determined in a land-based integr
Understanding the behavioral response dynamics to risks is important for informed policy-making at times of crises.Here we elucidate two response channels to Covid-19 risk and show that they weakened over time, prior to the availability of vaccines.We employ fixed-effects panel regression models to empirically assess the relationship between actual
Based on the 1945 Constitution Article 1 paragraph 3, Indonesia is a state ruled by law since the constitution of Indonesia incorporated several legal systems.The law should be fair, impartial to those in power and not intimidate the weak.However, the law is often misused and traded for the interests of those in power.This study aims to find out ho
Summary: In honey bee colonies, workers generally change tasks with age (from brood care, to nest work, to foraging).While these trends are well established, our understanding of how individuals distribute tasks during a day, and how individuals differ in their lifetime behavioral trajectories, is limited.Here, we use automated tracking to obtain l
African horse sickness is a devastating disease that causes great suffering and many fatalities amongst horses in sub-Saharan Africa.It is caused by nine different serotypes of the orbivirus African horse sickness virus (AHSV) and it is spread by Culicoid midges.The disease has Upper Brake Assembly significant economic consequences for the equine i